| Introduction: | | | | functioning of these habitate. They are particularly |
| | | | | important in controlling the chemical environmental of |
| Systematic is the scientific study of organisms | | | | the mangal, (Chandrika et, al; 1990) Bacteria play a |
| diversity and their relationship, It is a fundamental | | | | number of other in to mangal, and some live |
| discipline that encompasses, (Prist and Austin; 1993) | | | | symbiotically with other organism. Nitrogen fixing |
| sate that there are three good reason for the | | | | bacteria are efficient at using a variety of mangrove |
| classification of bacteria in two groups, the firstly the | | | | substrate despite differences in carbon content and |
| classification is an efficient means of summarizing and | | | | phenol concentration, (Pelegri and Twilley; 1998), |
| cataloguing information about an organism, secondly, | | | | However, their abundance may be dependent on |
| classification is essential pre requisite before | | | | physical condition and mangrove community |
| identification systems can be devised, and a thirdly | | | | composition. Nitrogen fixing Azospirillum, which show |
| purpose of classification is the insight that may be | | | | potential as biofertilizers are abundance in the mangal, |
| gained into the origins and evolutionary pathway of | | | | exceeds that in marine backwater and estuarine |
| bacteria in which evolutionary pathway and | | | | systems. (Ravikumar et al; 2002) |
| classification are taken as being synonymous (Prist | | | | Materials and methods: |
| and Austin; 1993). | | | | Collection of samples: |
| This conveniently leads to an issue | | | | Root and rhizophere soil samples were collected |
| that is hotly debated in bacterial systematic, that | | | | from Manakkudy mangroves ecosystem |
| phenetics, where bacteria are grouped on the basis | | | | (770.7-77035' E and 80-8035' N). Two |
| of overall phenotypic similarity, versus phylogenetics | | | | mangrove species viz Avicennia officinalis and |
| where are approach to classification is the | | | | Rhizophora mucronata were obtained by pulling out |
| reconstruct evolutionary genealogies and the | | | | the roots fully with a lump of soil intact. The soil and |
| historical course of speciation , (Prist and Austin; | | | | root sample were separated carefully and kept in |
| 1993) | | | | sterile polythene bay for the enumeration of |
| The requirement is for a stable | | | | Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria, all the collected |
| classification system which high information contents | | | | sample were immediately to the laboratory in iced |
| that have practical application and from which | | | | chests maintained at 40C and all microbiological |
| phylogenetic relationship can be inferred. To this end | | | | analysis were made with in 4- 6 hrs of sampling, |
| bacterial systematic has undergone a remarkable | | | | (Hold,et.al,1994). |
| degree of change in the past 30 years, with the | | | | Isolation of halophillic Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria: |
| development and refinement of a number of key | | | | Serial diluted soil and root sample |
| techniques, Numerical taxonomy, Chemotaxonomy, | | | | were made with sterilized 50% aged seawater and |
| and Molecular taxonomy systematic. (Stackbrtandt | | | | were plated with the Nfb agar medium for isolated in |
| and Good fellow; 1991) | | | | halophillic Azospirillum and Pikovskya's agar medium |
| Mangroves are woody plant | | | | for isolated in Phosphate solubilizing bacteria. After |
| community, which live between the sea and the land. | | | | solidification, the Nfb medium g/lit (D.L.Malic acid: 5gm, |
| Mangroves provide a unique ecological environmental | | | | KH2PO4:0.50gm, MgSO4.7H2O: 0.20gm, Nacl: 0.10gm, |
| of diverse bacterial communities. The bacteria fill a | | | | CaCl2.2H2O, KOH: 4.0gm, Mineral element solution: 2ml, |
| number of niches and are fundamental to the | | | | 0.5% Bromophenol blue: 2.0ml, 1. |