| Ever wondered how that little motor on
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| | exhaust valve for expulsion of exhaust
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| the front of your model airplane delivers
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| | gases and the transfer port which allows
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| such amazing power?
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| | movement of the fuel/air mixture from the
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| Model airplane engines come in many
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| | crankcase to the combustion chamber are
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| shapes and sizes from many manufacturers.
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| | always open or closed at the right time
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| By far the most common for the moment is
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| | by the wall of the piston as it travels
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| the 2-stroke 'glow' engine though the
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| | up and down the cylinder bore.
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| modern electric motor is making rapid
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| | The down stroke is created by the rapid
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| inroads.
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| | expansion of the exhaust gases after the
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| The 2-stroke model airplane engine is an
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| | fuel/air mixture ignites. Both the
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| internal combustion engine burning 'glow'
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| | exhaust port and the transfer port are
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| or 'nitro' fuel consisting mostly of
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| | opened as the piston descends in the
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| alcohol with nitromethane to help
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| | cylinder bore while the fuel/air inlet is
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| combustion and castor oil for lubrication
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| | closed. The downward movement of the
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| of the metal parts. There are also
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| | piston now compresses the fuel/air
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| 4-stroke glow engines that work on the
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| | mixture drawn into the crankcase on the
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| 4-stroke principle. While these two
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| | previous upstroke which now rushes up the
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| types of model airplane engine produce
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| | transfer port into the combustion chamber
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| the same result, and use the same fuel,
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| | and helps force out the exhaust gases
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| they accomplish this goal in very
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| | from that space - and the cycle begins
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| different ways and have different
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| | again.
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| characteristics. For the moment we're
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| | As the speed of this cycle increases, the
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| just going to consider the 2-stroke
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| | power output of your RC model airplane
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| engine.
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| | engine is increased. Due to it's
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| RC model airplane engines working on a
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| | simplicity the 2-stroke engine can
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| two stroke principle means that there is
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| | operate to high RPM and high power
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| fuel ignition on every second stroke of
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| | outputs. Unfortunately, this also means
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| the piston in the cylinder. When the
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| | high noise levels.
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| piston is on its down stroke down the
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| | The 2-stroke engine in all it's forms is
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| cylinder, fuel and air will enter the
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| | a very elegant engineering solution. The
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| combustion chamber between the top of the
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| | piston takes the place of 3 mechanical
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| piston and the cylinder head. When the
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| | valves, a timing mechanism and a fuel
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| piston reaches the bottom of its stroke
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| | pump - thereby keeping the weight down
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| and starts to rise again it then
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| | and reliability up. In addition, the
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| compresses the fuel/air mixture in the
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| | glow plug combustion method allows the
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| rapidly shrinking volume of the
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| | battery to be removed after starting
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| combustion chamber. The fuel/air mixture
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| | thereby dramatically reducing the weight
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| is ignited by the glow plug just as the
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| | so it is easy to see why the glow
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| piston reaches the end of it's upstroke.
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| | 2-stroke has been so popular for so long.
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| The glow plug is so called because it
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| | The 2-stroke glow engine is only one of a
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| contains a platinum wire that continues
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| | number of choices you can make for your
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| to glow from the heat of the last fuel
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| | model airplane engine. Where outright
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| ignition. The new explosion forces the
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| | power and speed are the primary
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| piston back into the next down stroke.
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| | requirement it has little competition and
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| This sounds very simple but the clever
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| | the simplicity and high volume production
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| part is that the upper, combustion
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| | has led to highly reliable and cost
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| chamber part of the cylinder above the
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| | effective engines being developed. Noise
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| piston and the lower crankcase below the
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| | is really the only negative
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| piston are connected not only by the
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| | consideration.
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| cylinder bore but also by a transfer port
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| | So for your next project balance the
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| which enables gases to move from the
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| | cost, maintenance, exhaust noise level,
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| crankcase to the combustion chamber. By
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| | and weight in order to choose the right
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| careful design, the inlet valve for
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| | sort of model airplane engine for your
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| taking in fresh fuel/air mixture, the
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| | project.
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